基于功率流的爆炸分离结构粒子阻尼降冲研究

肖望强; 张浩; 谢军虎; 苏斌山

doi:10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.006

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装备环境工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5) : 44-52. DOI: 10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.006

航空航天装备

基于功率流的爆炸分离结构粒子阻尼降冲研究

肖望强¹, 张浩¹, 谢军虎², 苏斌山²

作者信息 +

Power-flow-based Particle Damping for Shock Mitigation in Pyrotechnic Separation Structures

XIAO Wangqiang¹, ZHANG Hao¹, XIE Junhu², SU Binshan²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的针对飞行器爆炸螺栓分离产生的火工高频冲击易沿结构连接外传至主梁表面,进而威胁机载设备安全的问题,提出一种面向装备冲击环境控制的功率流导向侧腔粒子阻尼降冲设计方法。方法首先基于显式动力学获得瞬态应力与速度场,计算并可视化结构功率流,识别上箍两侧立壁为冲击能量向主结构传递的关键通道。据此在侧腔嵌入并封装粒子阻尼器,实现对能量主路径的直接耗能干预。随后采用离散元方法以冲击全过程总耗能为评价指标,对粒子材料、粒径与填充率进行参数优化,推荐采用钨基粒子、粒径2 mm、填充率90%。结果地面爆炸分离对比试验结果表明,在输入测点A₁冲击响应谱峰值基本一致的条件下,目标保护区域主梁表面测点A₂的冲击响应谱峰值由570.763g降至242.642g,减幅达57.49%。结论该方法可在保证输入一致性的前提下显著降低外传冲击水平,为火工分离冲击环境防护提供一种可解释、可设计、可验证的工程途径。

Abstract

The work aims to propose a power flow-directed side-cavity particle damper shock mitigation design method tailored for equipment shock environment control to address the issue where high-frequency pyrotechnic shock waves generated by explosive bolt separation in aircraft tend to propagate along structural connections to the main beam surface, thereby threatening onboard equipment safety. First, transient stress and velocity fields were obtained via explicit dynamics, enabling calculation and visualization of structural power flow. This identified the vertical walls on both sides of the upper clamp as key pathways for shock energy transmission to the main structure. Based on this, particle dampers were embedded and encapsulated within the side cavity to directly intervene in the primary energy pathway. Subsequently, the total energy dissipation was used as the evaluation metric throughout the entire shock process, and parameter optimization was performed for the particle material, particle size, and filling rate via the discrete element method. The recommended configuration was tungsten-based particles with a diameter of 2 mm and a filling rate of 90%. Ground-based separation comparison test results demonstrated: under conditions where the peak values of the shock response spectrum at input measurement point A1 remain essentially consistent, the peak value at measurement point A₂ on the main beam surface within the target protection zone decreased from 570.763 g to 242.642 g, representing a reduction of 57.49%. These results demonstrate that this method can significantly reduce transmitted shock levels while ensuring input consistency, providing an explainable, designable, and verifiable engineering approach for protecting structures from explosive separation shock environments.

导出引用

肖望强, 张浩, 谢军虎, 苏斌山. 基于功率流的爆炸分离结构粒子阻尼降冲研究[J]. 装备环境工程. 2026, 23(5): 44-52 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.006

XIAO Wangqiang, ZHANG Hao, XIE Junhu, SU Binshan. Power-flow-based Particle Damping for Shock Mitigation in Pyrotechnic Separation Structures[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2026, 23(5): 44-52 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.006

中图分类号： V416 TH113.1

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